American black expatriates created "communities" which was stronger during the war years with renown artists, musicians, writers both across Europe and the United States. What we learn in the final chapter is that places like clubs, music halls, and American black restaurants are the places where generations of black expatriates form their communities. We also see that though Paris and France appear to be color blind, that's not entirely correct since French immigrants and blacks are treated cruelly, like how American blacks were treated. In the later chapters we discover that the end of 1920's and 1930's and other periods are dominated by the end of legendary writers, artists, and musicians. During the war famous American blacks in Paris included Josephine Baker, Chester Himes, Louis Armstrong, James Baldwin, Richard Wright, among others. The two groups of African Americans in Paris was a result of the war and seeking exile from American racism, artists were able to become successful in both Europe and America because of the large group of intellectuals and like Black American expatriates, also during these two periods of time Parisians first saw American blacks as exotic and less than themselves, however during the second period of American black expatriates Parisians saw American blacks as equal people and equal intellectuals. The book is divided into the following chapters Freedom Overseas: African American soldiers fight the great war, Bringing the Jazz age to Paris, Depression and war: Paris in the 1930's, Life on the left bank, the golden age of african american literature in Paris, new perspectives on race, and African Americans in Paris today.
After the war several artists, musicians, GI's, and writers spent time in Paris to escape the binds of American racism in the United States. This book describes in great detail the historical trend of groups of African Americans during World War I, World War ll, and post war years.
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